Hydrocarbon I

Hydrocarbons are composed of Carbon and hydrogen.

The  important  fuels  like  Petrol,  kerosene,  coal  gas,  CNG,  LPG  etc.  are  all hydrocarbons or their mixture. Sources: Petroleum and natural gas are the major sources of aliphatic hydrocarbon while coal is an important source of aromatic hydrocarbons. The oil trapped inside the rocks is known as petroleum. PETRA – ROCK, OLEUM – OIL. The oil in the petroleum field is covered with a gaseous mixture known as natural gas. The main constituents of the natural gas are methane, ethane, propane and butane.

CLASSIFICATION OF HYDROCARBONS:

                                                               HYDROCARBON

Alkanes:-

• Paraffins
• General formula C_nH_2n+2

• sp3 hybridisation
• C–C bond length 1.154    A⁰
• Chemically unreactive
• Show chain, position and optical isomerism.
• Heptane has 9 isomer, Octane 18 and Decane 75. Nomenclature

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